Cov khoom siv metallurgical muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua tsib hom raws li cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis: cov khoom siv mining, cov khoom siv ntxhia, cov khoom siv smelting, cov cuab yeej dov, thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam. Cov hauv qab no muab cov lus piav qhia ntxaws raws li lawv txoj haujlwm, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov raug:
Cov cuab yeej siv mining: Lub pob zeb ntawm cov peev txheej Extraction
Cov cuab yeej siv mining feem ntau yog siv rau ore extraction thiab pib crushing. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb muaj xws li excavators, mining truck, down-the-drills, thiab crushers. Siv cov excavators ua piv txwv, lawv lub thoob muaj peev xwm feem ntau yog li ntawm 1 txog 50 cubic meters, haum rau cov txheej mining hauv qhib - qhov mines. Cov tsheb thauj khoom tsuas tuaj yeem nqa 200-400 tons, thiab nrog tus kheej- lub peev xwm thauj khoom, lawv ua tiav kev thauj mus los zoo. Technically, cov cuab yeej siv mining niaj hnub feem ntau siv hydraulic kis tau tus mob thiab hluav taws xob tswj tshuab. Piv txwv li, ib qho qauv ntawm hluav taws xob shovel tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog khawb ntawm 500 tuj-meters, txo kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 15% piv rau cov tshuab tsoos. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv thov scenarios, loj qhib-qhov tooj liab mines feem ntau txais ib tug kev sib koom ua hauj lwm hom ntawm "drilling rig + excavator + tsheb," nrog ib hnub mining tso zis ntau tshaj 100,000 tons.
Cov Khoom Siv Khoom Siv Nroj Tsuag: Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom muaj nqis
Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntxhia cais cov khoom siv hlau hlau los ntawm gangue hauv ores los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li crushing, tshuaj ntsuam, sib tsoo, thiab sorting. Cov khoom siv feem ntau suav nrog lub puab tsaig crushers (feem ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1500mm, tawm qhov chaw nres nkoj adjustable ntau yam 10-300mm), pob mills (inch 2-6 meters, ceev 15-30 rpm), thiab flotation machines (kev muaj peev xwm 0.5-30 m³ / min). Noj flotation ua piv txwv, los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom sau thiab cov frothers, cov khoom siv hlau ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov npuas kom ua tiav kev sib cais, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tooj liab ore rov qab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 90%. Raws li cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, cov txheej txheem ua cov ntxhia ntse ntse, los ntawm cov ntsuas particle loj hauv online thiab cov kws tshaj lij kev tswj cov qauv, tuaj yeem tswj cov qib siab hloov pauv hauv ± 0.5%.
Smelting Equipment: Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau hlau Extraction
Cov khoom siv smelting tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv: pyrometallurgical thiab hydrometallurgical. Pyrometallurgical khoom muaj xws li blast furnaces (zoo ntim 1000-5000 m³, txhua hnub hlau ntau lawm 2000-10000 tons), converters (nominal peev 30-300 tons, tshuab lub sij hawm 15-25 feeb), thiab hluav taws xob arc rauv-20s MV-5 teev, fais fab tuag uas rho tawm cov hlau los ntawm qhov kub-kub oxidation-txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hydrometallurgical khoom yog sawv cev los ntawm leaching tso tsheb hlau luam (ntim 100-5000 m³, nplawm ceev 30-100 rpm) thiab rho tawm tso tsheb hlau luam (3-20 theem, ua peev xwm 1-100 m³ / h), uas leach hlau ions los ntawm cov tshuaj tov. Piv txwv li, lub smelter tooj liab siv cov txheej txheem "flash smelting + PS converter tshuab" tuaj yeem txo qhov kev siv hluav taws xob tag nrho kom qis dua 2800 MJ / t tooj liab.